Private companies working with renewable energy sources in Belarus received "subsidies" from the budget of about 72 million dollars. In developed countries, these amounts are in the billions.
“According to the statistics of the International Energy Agency, in Belarus the prohibitive prices of renewable energy purchase: for eight months of 2019, the average price was 22.2 cents / kWh with a cost of electricity of 4 cents at Belenergo stations,” a press conference said in a press conference Minsk Deputy Minister of Energy Olga Prudnikova.
According to her, in the nine months of 2019, all RES of the country generated 700 million kWh of electricity, including “400 million kWh of private installations, plus 300 million kWh of Belenergo installations. If we multiply 400 million kWh generated by private renewable energy sources by 18 cents (the difference between the prime cost of Belenergo stations and the average purchase price), it turns out that, according to the figures of the Ministry of Energy, the “gap” in the budget that they made was 72 million dollars.
And how much do they pay for green energy in developed countries?
Canada
Fossil fuel producers in Canada are subsidized at the federal level, as well as in a number of provinces that have the largest energy reserves.
Producers using renewable energy for energy receive a subsidy of 50% of its book value if it meets the standards of energy efficiency, and 30% of the book value if it does not. To support new renewable energy projects, a cost recovery program has been introduced. Tangible and intangible costs (including research) are deducted from the tax base, and this deduction can be transferred to the investor through the issue of “flowing” shares. The research and experimental development program involves a tax deduction of 35% of federal taxes for companies. Separate measures to support renewable energy producers are being implemented at the provincial level.
The main measure of supporting renewable energy consumers is green tariffs for energy from renewable sources, which are in force or are being prepared for implementation in individual provinces of Canada.
If we compare subsidies for renewable energy sources and traditional fuel in Canada, the figures will be approximately the same at the level of 2.8 billion dollars / year.
The EU
The main measures of state support for renewable energy in the EU electric power industry are green tariffs, premium premiums on the price of green electricity and mandatory quotas for renewable energy. The green tariff represents the guaranteed price that the producer receives for electricity from renewable energy supplied to the network. The quotas for electricity from renewable energy are set by the state, requiring consumers or producers to use a certain share of renewable energy. Tax exemptions (exemptions) and loans at preferential interest rates act as additional measures in renewable energy support programs.
If we compare subsidies for renewable energy sources and traditional fuel in the EU, renewable energy is subsidized in a larger volume, as of 2011, subsidies for renewable energy sources amounted to 0.3% of GDP, and fossil fuels 0.2% of GDP of the EU. The largest contributors are countries such as Germany, Spain and Italy.
China
Direct and indirect mechanisms of state support for renewable energy producers in China are very diverse. These include direct government funding of central and local governments, demonstration projects, the use of green tariffs, soft loans and taxation, and scientific and technical support.
Renewable energy consumption is subsidized through their main consumers - electric grid companies, as well as by fixing prices.
Despite the fact that China is the leader in terms of installed renewable energy capacity in the world, government subsidies for fossil fuels exceed green energy by 15 times: 21 billion against $ 1.4 billion.