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波蘭太陽光電產業的成長潛力
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In 2019, a total of 104 800 micro-installations joined the network of the five largest distribution system operators, with a total capacity of 681.41 MW. Over 99% of these were made in photovoltaic technology. Total power of PV installations last year amounted to nearly 830 MW, including the rise of 113.9 MW in December and 86.7 MW in November. The monthly power of newly installed photovoltaics was approximately 69 MW. In the light of this data, the raise reported for January 2020 is proving an increased interest in green energy among Poles. A month usually not considered ground-breaking in photovoltaic sector (according to the number of installations), this year has been historically significant: according to Polish Power System (PSE S.A.), total power of PV installations in Poland has risen by 172.9 MW, higher than ever before, and amounts now to 1472.5 MW, comparing to the total power of 1299.6 MW at the end of December 2019.

The raise in Polish PV market is strongly influenced by plenty of factors. Beginning from September 2019, the government program “My Electricity” began accepting applications for subsidies for micro-installations around the country. Subsidy in the amount of 5000 PLN (TWD 38 000), the simplicity of the program and the unprecedented pace of processing of applications meant that the number of beneficiaries of “My Electricity” began to raise quickly. In the first period of recruitment, lasting from September to 20th of December, a total of 17 500 domestic micro-installations were accepted (with a total capacity of approximately 102 MW), spending PLN 90 million from the total budget of the program (amounting to PLN 1 billion, all in all). Installations with the program’s support accounted for about 1/3 of all micro-installations completed in the last three months of 2019.

The great result of the domestic micro-installation market is also the effect of other investment factors and incentives. New prosumers have been encouraged by the tax relief, introduced at the beginning of 2019, or exemption from income tax subsidies. The end of last year introduced installation of household solar farms, located on the backyard or on the roof of a garage or outbuilding, with a lower 8% VAT - i.e. similar to PV installations installed on the roofs of main houses. The application of the above mechanisms has not ruled out the possibility of using the additional payment from “My Electricity” program. The market has also been driven by investments implemented with the participation of EU subsidies from regional operational programs, in which the European Union budget for 2014-2020 was allocated for investments in renewable energy sources, especially in smallest RES installations around the country. The total budget for achieving this goal is several times higher than “My Electricity” budget.

As proven above, green energy solutions are more and more popular among the individual households owners. The challenge will soon be faced by more and more multi-family buildings. The photovoltaic boom will probably continue to raise exponentially, especially due to new architectural design regulations. According to Rzeczpospolita, all buildings designed in 2021 will have to meet new energy efficiency standards. New law aims at implementing nearly zero-emission designs only. According to dr inż. Dorota Bartosz from Polish Ecological Building Council (PLGBC), new regulations will concern building layout, heat transfer coefficient in the individual sections, windows format, etc; but more importantly, the amount of non-renewable energy the building will utilise for heating, AC, ventilation and domestic hot water (DHW) will be significantly limited. “It will be necessary for the designers to include some element of the building, which, through energy gains, will reduce the EP ratio to the required one”, says Robert Maraszek, investment director in Inpro company, “All this will lead to higher construction costs by 5-7%”. The current EP coefficient for multi-family buildings is 85 kWh/m2/year, in 2021 it will drop to 65 kWh/m2/year.

Sources:
https://www.gramwzielone.pl/energia-sloneczna/102488/styczen-najlepszym-miesiacem-w-historii-polskiego-rynku-fotowoltaicznego
https://www.rp.pl/Budowa-i-remont/302139915-Bedzie-szturm-deweloperow-na-urzedy.html
https://www.gramwzielone.pl/energia-sloneczna/102420/w-ostatnim-kwartale-przybywalo-514-mikroinstalacji-dziennie-jaki-wplyw-mojego-pradu

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